North Asi A Relationship With The Western Countries

Throughout history, East Asia has had a relationship with the rest of the world. Sometimes it was not a positive relationship, but other times it was. China in specific had a trade relationship with the Western countries, such as America and Great Britain, which developed into a war known as the Opium War. A relationship with the Western countries at times caused tension in Japan with threats of imperialism when they did not appreciate that Japan was isolated. The threat of imperialism and isolation in Japan went hand and hand, China questioned if they should be isolated or not, and Korea was isolated with a few exceptions. In the 19th and early 20th century, Japan and China looked on the people of other countries as uneducated people who would die if Japan or China did not help them. One of the reasons that they believed this was because Japan and China believed that they had already been through an enlightenment period that brought them knowledge. 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A Few Days By Michael Cunningham - 1572 Words

The Hours, Michael Cunningham’s telling of the lives of three women in the course of a few days, reveals how the simplicity of objects can give insight into the characters, just by the way they interact with them. His use of mirrors, water and flowers explain the disparities between Clarissa’s, Virginia’s, and Laura’s lives suggesting that ultimately their weakness is themselves. The constant appearance of mirrors sheds light on superstition, helping us better understand Laura’s connection with Mrs. Dalloway. She contemplates life and whether or not it is worth living. Constantly thinking about suicide creates a dark gloom over her that only leaves when she becomes truly free. A lot of her reasoning behind not killing herself is because†¦show more content†¦She does not allow herself to look into the mirror because â€Å"the mirror is dangerous; it sometimes shows her the dark manifestation of air that matches her body, takes her form, but stands behind, watching her, with porcine eyes and wet, hushed breathing.† (Cunningham 30). By not looking into the mirror, she gives into the shadow’s presence instead of facing it head on. This reflection of Virginia in the mirror seems to be her real self who she tries to hide because she fears facing her â€Å"dark side† thinking it will take over her normal self. Here â€Å"dark si de† refers to her insanity. â€Å"Do not think of putrefaction or feces; do not think of the face in the mirror† (Cunningham 85). Virginia battles demons she cannot face alone but she still refuses to ask for help. She feels apprehensive about her ability to write well so she does not look in the mirror, since she might catch sight of the shadow that will disturb her writing. Donald Winnicott, psychoanalyst in the field of object relations theory, depicts suicide â€Å"as involving a fantasy of destroying bad aspects of the self with the remainder of the self surviving, or as a destruction of the entire self when the true self is threatened with exploitation or annihilation† (Winnicott 779). Virginia feels both exploited and annihilated when she encounters the shadow that is actually her, so through psychoanalysis the motive for her suicide becomes clear: escape from the monster that is emerging. Clarissa’s disregard of

Epistemology Annie Dillard and Sven Birkerts Essay example Example For Students

Epistemology: Annie Dillard and Sven Birkerts Essay example Knowledge plays a significant role in all aspects of our lives. It’s facts, information, and skills that are obtained by a person through experience and education. Annie Dillard and Sven Birkerts explore the theory of knowledge, otherwise known as epistemology in their essays â€Å"Seeing† and â€Å"The Owl Has Flown.† The knowledge we gain contributes to the outcome of our lives, but only we can come to that conclusion with how we interpret this knowledge. In Annie Dillard’s Essay â€Å"Seeing† she describes her beliefs about how people become aware of their knowledge and how the proper perception can provide someone with a greater understanding and appreciation of the world we live in. This appreciation and understanding of knowledge is her answer how to live a fortunate and meaningful life. Dillard supports her beliefs by telling the story of when she was a small child she used to hide pennies leaving a trail of clues for people to find them. â€Å"The world is fairly studded and strewn with pennies cast broadside from a generous hand. But- and this is the point- who gets excited about a mere penny† (Dillard, 39)? When someone sees a sign that says MONEY THIS WAY they are expecting at least a couple dollars not a single penny. (Dillard, 40) After reading this I found it strange as to why anyone would be disappointed for only finding a penny. Yes, they probably got their hopes up hoping to find a million dollars, but shouldn’t the fact that someone was thinking of them hoping for them to smile be enough? People are let down and disappointed in reality because they are expecting to see what they want to see. They are not walking into a situation open minded appreciative of whatever they will find. Growing up we are constantly learning as children, but those who are truly knowledgeable continue to learn throughout the rest of their lives. This allows them to keep discovering new ways to view the world and also allows them to keep an open mind and open eye to their surroundings because nature and life is a rather now you see it now you don’t affair (Dillard, 40). The truly knowledgeable see in an artificial obvious way, seeing what you don’t expect to see, rather than natural obvious, seeing what you expect to see (Dillard, 42). â€Å"As soon as you can forget the natural obvious and construct an artificial obvious, then you too will see deer.† Dillard supports this idea through her story of the bullfrog. She tells the story about the unexpectedly large frog that she could not point out. Her peers could see the frog in the distance, but she could not so finally she asks, â€Å"What color am I looking for?† Her peers tell her the color of the frog is green. After she finally spotted it she realized it wasn’t green at all, but a more wet hickory bark color. Dillard couldn’t find the frog right off the back because she was expecting to find a green frog. I find it interesting as to why our minds find it normal to look for things that are natural to us. Why is it that it’s not natural to seek out abnormal instead? If you open your mind and let yourself think in a way that’s unnatural to you, then you will start to notice the little unnoticed things in life. This knowledge allows you to truly see and observe the world around you and seeing is a key concept to happiness and success. Seeing allows us to not only open our minds but also open our hearts. Its not how much information you know that makes you knowledagble its how you obtained that information and what you make of it afterwards. .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .postImageUrl , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:hover , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:visited , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:active { border:0!important; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:active , .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470 .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u465233069008bc4297e6582b5fab4470:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Seeing by Annie Dillard and Our Perception of the World EssayBirkerts describes epistemology in our flaws of reading extensively . â€Å"From the Middle Ages until sometime after 1750, according to Engelsing, men read â€Å"intensively.† They had only a few books-the Bible, an almanac, a devotional work or two-and they read them over and over again, usually aloud and in groups so that a narrow range of traditional literature became deeply impressed on their consciousness† (Birkerts, 30). Those who know little can still be knowledgeable. â€Å"In our culture access is not the problem, but proliferation is. And the reading act is necessarily different than it was in its earliest days. Awed and intimidated by the availability of texts, faced with the all but impossible task of discriminating among them, the reader tends to move across surfaces, skimming, hastening from one site to the next without allowing the words to resonate inwardly† (Birkerts, 31). In the earlier days people only had a small selection of books to choose from, but they read the books they had thoroughly, and acquired in depth knowledge from each book. Because these men spent hours on end reading these same books over and over again page by page they sincerely understood the story being told. Birkerts explicates clearly that in present time we read extensively, otherwise known as reading horizontally. We pick up a book, skim across it lightly, and move on to next because we have the option to do so now. Because we skim across reading material were not fully gaining any knowledge. We read it and file it away in our brain unsolved like a cold case. There’s n o outcome as to what we can do with this knowledge because in order to make something of it you have to understand it. Dillard’s theory of natural obvious and artificial obvious merges with Birkerts idea of reading intensively and extensively. Reading extensively is just another way at unsuccessfully seeing in an artificial obvious way. By skimming across what we read not taking in the information thoroughly we read in a natural obvious way. We pick parts and pieces we seem to find intuitive, but by doing this we gain no knowledge. By reading intensively we read in an artificial obvious way. We read the material over and over again open-minded and notice the true message hidden within the words. From there you can go on and use your knowledge to obtain success. By reading intensively we have a greater chance at using the knowledge we gain to achieve a favorable outcome. â€Å"For how we receive information bears vitally on the ways we experience and interpret reality† (Birkerts, 31). Think of it like a math test for example. If you practice for your test once the likelihood of you passing is slim, but if you study your material over and over again until you’ve completely know how to get everything right you’re likely to pass with flying colors. This example leads to my disagreement with Birkerts. He believes that since we do have a larger selection of reading material that reading intensively is practically extinct. This seems to mean what he basically describes, we glance at a book and move on to the next because we have the option to do so, but it could also mean that we seek out other information because the previous does not live up to our standards. I can tell you that I’ve read many series of books multiple times and pretty much know them like the back of my hand. I believe that it’s not the amount of books we have that determines whether we read intensively or extensively but the book itself and how it personally collides with us as an individual. Throughout Annie Dillard essay â€Å"Seeing† and Sven Birkerts essay â€Å"The Owl Has Flown† both authors brilliantly inform us how epistemology affects our lives. Whether it’s seeing and gaining knowledge naturally or artificially, or whether it reading intensively or extensively, all that matters is what we as individuals make of it. Only you can choose your outcome. Only you can choose to open your mind, and only you can learn from it. Life will flash by in the blink of an eye. There is no time to waist not truly understanding and appreciating the world we live in. Life is a day-to-day journey and you should live each and every one as if it was your last. So take the time to read that book at least one more time, even if you don’t like so that one day that knowledge you gain can help you later in life. And the next time you seek out something you can’t find, stop looking for what your looking for and it just might appear. .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .postImageUrl , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:hover , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:visited , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:active { border:0!important; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:active , .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf60e12f92e676d983ffe3ea5081c53db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prevention For Opioid Drug Abuse EssayWorks Cited Birkerts, Sven. The Owl Has Flown. Think Vertically! Southlake: Fountainhead, 2012. 29-36. Print. Dillard, Annie. Seeing. Think Vertically! Southlake: Fountainhead, 2012. 39-55. Print.

Young Goodman Brown Narrative Essays - Abrahamic Mythology, Satan

Young Goodman Brown Narrative "Young Goodman Brown", by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. "Young Goodman Brown" is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In "Young Goodman Brown", Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. "Young Goodman Brown" begins when Faith, Brown's wife, asks him not to go on an "errand". Goodman Brown says to his "love and (my) Faith" that "this one night I must tarry away from thee." When he says his "love" and his "Faith", he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his "faith" to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. He resolves that he will "cling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven." This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because "Faith kept me back awhile." This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that "bore the likeness of a great black snake". The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devil's staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devil's ceremony which destroys Goodman Brown's faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia. Goodman Brown almost immediately declares that he kept his meeting with the Devil and no longer wishes to continue on his errand with the Devil. He says that he comes from a "race of honest men and good Christians" and that his father had never gone on this errand and nor will he. The Devil is quick to point out however that he was with his father and grandfather when they were flogging a woman or burning an Indian village, respectively. These acts are ironic in that they were bad deeds done in the name of good, and it shows that he does not come from "good Christians." When Goodman Brown's first excuse not to carry on with the errand proves to be unconvincing, he says he can't go because of his wife, "Faith". And because of her, he can not carry out the errand any further. At this point the Devil agrees with him and tells him to turn back to prevent that "Faith should come to any harm" like the old woman in front of them on the path. Ironically, Goodman Brown's faith is harmed because the woman on the path is the woman who "taught him his catechism in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser." The Devil and the woman talk and afterward, Brown continues to walk on with the Devil in the disbelief of what he had just witnessed. Ironically, he blames the woman for consorting with the Devil but his own pride stops him from realizing that his faults are the same as the woman's. Brown again decides that he will no longer to continue on his errand and rationalizes that just because his teacher was not going to heaven, why should he "quit my dear Faith, and go after her". At this, the Devil tosses Goodman Brown his staff (which will lead him out of his Eden) and leaves him. Goodman Brown begins to think to himself about his situation and his pride in himself begins to build. He "applauds himself greatly, and thinking with how clear a

Scientific Method Essay

Scientific Method Essay Scientific Method Essay Scientific Method The scientific method is a systematic, organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem. Step 1 – Define the problem: Clearly state what you hope to investigate. Develop an operational definition, which is an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to assess the concept. Step 2 – Review the literature: Researchers refine the problem under study, clarify possible techniques to be used in collecting data and eliminate or reduce avoidable mistakes. Step 3 – Formulate a testable hypothesis: After reviewing the research and drawing on the contributions of sociological theorists, the researchers may then formulate the hypothesis. A hypothesis is a speculative statement between two or more factors known as variables. A variable is a measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions. One variable is called the independent variable. The other is called the dependent variable. Identifying independent and dependent variables is a critical step in clarifying cause-and-effect relationships. Casual logic involves the relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence, with one event leading to the other. A correlation exists when a change in one variable coincides with a change in the other. Correlations are an indication that causality may be present; they do not necessarily indicate causation. Step 4 – Select a research design: To determine if a hypothesis is supported or refuted, you need to collect information by using a research design. The research design guides the researcher in collecting and analyzing data. In most studies, social scientists must carefully select a sample. The one social scientists use most is the random sample.

Free Essays on Search And Seizure

Search and Seizure The Fourth Amendment guarantees "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures." The Founding Fathers of the constitution knew all too well how the king's soldiers and marshals had abused their power through sweeping searches of American homes before 1776 thus resulting in the creation of the Fourth Amendment. Despite the establishment of the Fourth Amendment, many years existed in which state and federal governments admitted evidence obtained through â€Å"unreasonable† search and seizures in criminal trials. The only criteria used by the judge were whether the evidence was incriminating and if it would assist in convicting the defendant. Through the years, the Supreme Court interpretation of the Fourth Amendment has changed due to the development of search and seizure law. The definition of â€Å"unreasonable† was first dealt with at the federal level in the 1914 case of Weeks v. United States. Federal law enforcement authorities accused the defendant, Freemont Weeks of using the mail for illegal purposes. After his arrest, the home in which Weeks was staying was searched without a valid search warrant. Evidence in the form of letters were found in his room and admitted in the trial. Weeks was then convicted of the federal offence based on incriminating evidence. The Supreme Court argued that evidence gathered in an illegal manner, without probable cause or without a search warrant, should be excluded from criminal trials. The exclusionary rule was adopted to prevent abuses by the police and other government officials. The logic followed that if police understand that evidence seized in a manner that violates any of the provisions of the Fourth Amendment will be excluded from court proceedings, they will less likely conduct searches withou t warrants or without probable cause. The Weeks decision only affected federal co... Free Essays on Search And Seizure Free Essays on Search And Seizure Search and Seizure The Fourth Amendment guarantees "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures." The Founding Fathers of the constitution knew all too well how the king's soldiers and marshals had abused their power through sweeping searches of American homes before 1776 thus resulting in the creation of the Fourth Amendment. Despite the establishment of the Fourth Amendment, many years existed in which state and federal governments admitted evidence obtained through â€Å"unreasonable† search and seizures in criminal trials. The only criteria used by the judge were whether the evidence was incriminating and if it would assist in convicting the defendant. Through the years, the Supreme Court interpretation of the Fourth Amendment has changed due to the development of search and seizure law. The definition of â€Å"unreasonable† was first dealt with at the federal level in the 1914 case of Weeks v. United States. Federal law enforcement authorities accused the defendant, Freemont Weeks of using the mail for illegal purposes. After his arrest, the home in which Weeks was staying was searched without a valid search warrant. Evidence in the form of letters were found in his room and admitted in the trial. Weeks was then convicted of the federal offence based on incriminating evidence. The Supreme Court argued that evidence gathered in an illegal manner, without probable cause or without a search warrant, should be excluded from criminal trials. The exclusionary rule was adopted to prevent abuses by the police and other government officials. The logic followed that if police understand that evidence seized in a manner that violates any of the provisions of the Fourth Amendment will be excluded from court proceedings, they will less likely conduct searches withou t warrants or without probable cause. The Weeks decision only affected federal co...

Tesco Plc Strategy Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tesco Plc Strategy Analysis - Coursework Example It also operates financial institutions as a joint venture with the royal Bank of Scotland (Data Monitor, 2004). Mullins (2010) says that a marketing strategy primarily focuses on effectively allocating and coordinating marketing resources and activities in order to accomplish firm’s objectives within a specific product market (Mullins & Walker, 2010). The critical issue that concerns the scope of a marketing strategy is specifying the target market(s) for a particular product or product line (Mullins & Walker, 2010). This is followed by the motivation to seek competitive advantage and synergy through a well-integrated program of marketing mix that is custom made to the needs and wants of potential customers in the market segment (Mullins & Walker, 2010). Michael Porter identifies three generic strategies and these include: the cost leadership strategy, the differentiation strategy and the focus strategy (Mullins & Walker, 2010). These strategies are based on strategic scope a nd strategic strength of a firm. The strategic scope is used to mean market penetration while strategic strength is used to mean the firm’s sustainable competitive advantage (Mullins & Walker, 2010). Tesco uses the cost leadership strategy in its operation. With this strategy a company aims at becoming the lowest-cost producer in the industry (Stephane, Girod, & Rugman, 2005). It is a strategy that is often associated with large-scale businesses that offer generally standard products that comprise of little differentiation and are perfectly acceptable to majority of the market customers. This strategy is aimed at gaining market share by cutting costs so that a firm can offer lower prices and in the process gain market share (Stephane, Girod, & Rugman, 2005). High volume is leveraged to create low costs by getting the best prices from suppliers and more efficiently utilizing fixed costs. In order for any company to use this strategy it must be cost conscious in every aspect of the business (Kim, Nam, & Stimpert, 2004). This strategy therefore is characterized by tight budgeting, elimination of waste and thin personnel staffing. Scholars agree that this strategy is often adopted when there are many providers, growth is flat and providers are trying to steal the market share from each other by lowering prices (Kim, Nam, & Stimpert, 2004). Last year in September Tesco began a new strategy where it began to put its focus on permanent low pricing as opposed to its previous specific price promotions. This was as a result of its losing a great percentage of its market share to its competitors such as Sainsbury, Asda and Wal-Mart (Poulter, 2011). Market segmentation refers to the process of dividing the total market for a product or service into groups with similar needs such that each group is likely to respond favorably to a specific marketing strategy (McDonald & Dunbar, 2004). There are many variables to which a market can be segmented and these include the following: behavioral, demographic, psychographic and geographic segmentation. Behavioral segmentation is a strategy based on customers’ needs and subsequent reaction to those needs or towards the purchase of intended product or services (McDonald & Dunbar, 2004). Demographic segmentation considers aspects such as age, gender, education, income, occupation, size of the family etc. psychographic segmentation is all about diving people according to their lifestyles and values and how

Introduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Introduction - Essay Example To expound on our philosophical beliefs, the common philosophical elements will have to be incorporated into the paper. Subsequently, a brief definition of the elements will be given followed by an in-depth analysis. Therefore, the paper will focus on the following common philosophical elements: compassion/empathy, benefence, education/integrity, group vs. individual, person, health, nursing, and the environment. Being kind to one another, and walking in someone else shoes can show a great strength like empathy. We, as a group, became nurses felt sorry and sympathetic towards those who are suffering, and are less fortunate than us. Even when we had difficult times in our lives or saw patients having difficult times, we developed a sense of compassion which is a great value to have. It means doing good or doing no harm. This concept was told to us in prerequisite classes that every nurse should do no harm and do good to our patients. Beneficence is something taught to us as a child. It is a strict moral or value that parents teach their children all the time, which differentiates one from knowing right from wrong. These concepts have similarities; they both build character. Education can be used to teach others or to teach one’s self. One learns what individual integrity is by getting the education that is provided to him or her from school, family, or community. Many people do not prefer group work, but use it every day. As nurses we work in a stressful environment of constant change. We work well with change based on a team effort or team approach. The team and the group are one and the same. For example, in a hospital setting a team may consist of doctors, nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, or nutritionists. Whereas outside a hospital it may be one’s community, church, friends, or classmates that are all a part of a team or group. A person is a human being who is inimitable; enriched with personal

The issue of tragedy Essay Example for Free

The issue of tragedy Essay The term, tragedy, by dictionary definition, can be defined as A story with a sad or unhappy ending. (Arthur Miller, Tragedy and the Common Man). Although there is some truth to this, the true definition of tragedy goes much deeper. The notion of tragedy has been a part of English literature since the beginning of the Classical times. Tragedy is available in almost all literary forms, such as, novels, play wrights, film, etc. Shakespeare, for example, has written numerous world renowned tragedies since the turn of the seventeenth century. Four centuries later, with all the changes to the world of literature, tragedy continues to prevail, as a popular form of literature. Through comparing and contrasting William Shakespeares, Hamlet, with Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman, it is clear that tragedy continues to have many of the same features as it did so long ago and it continues to appeal to audiences today. This is demonstrated through the tragic hero, the heros tragic flaw, and the catharsis. With these three elements included, a more exact definition of tragedy is defined by Aristotle as, the imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude, in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the playthrough pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions. (Aristotle, The Poetics). Although each and every tragedy is slightly different or even quite dissimilar, every true tragedy includes the presence of a tragic hero. The tragic hero can be defined as man as both beautiful and terrible (Class notes, Tragedy and The Tragic Hero). It is most often the heros unjustified life which turns his story into a tragedy. The tragic hero has been a critical role since the beginning of tragedies and it continues to be today. However, views of how the hero should rank in society, have changed over time. According to Aristotle, it is thought that the heros position in society is to be much above the average man. Aristotle defines the hero to be a character of noble stature and has greatness. (Aristotle, Aristotles Idea of Tragedy). This can be seen in Shakespearean time, through such plays as, Hamlet. Hamlets noble stature comes from his position as a prince; he is the son of  the late king and nephew to the new king. Hamlets strong loyalty and dedication to his family has been interpreted as his greatness by many critics. This can be seen as Hamlet learns the truth about his fathers death, and his father asks him to seek revenge on his uncle, the new king, Haste me to knowt, that I, with wings as swift As meditation or the thoughts of love, May sweep to my revenge. (Shakespeare, Hamlet, III, v, 23-24). Hamlet reveals that he will do whatever it takes to seek revenge upon his uncle and is not worried about the consequences. With this quote, It becomes obvious that Hamlet is in fact the tragic hero of the play. Although it is partly the consistency of tragic heroism that attracts viewers to tragedy today, the status of the tragic hero has been viewed differently by great philosophers today, than it was hundreds of years ago. Arthur Miller, for example, believes that the common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were. (Arthur Miller, Tragedy and the Common Man). The tragic hero, Willy Loman, in Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman , unquestionably conforms to this description. Willy Loman is a common man, which is evident through his family life, his career as a salesman, and his position in society. Viewers can easily identify with him, which further classifies him as a tragic hero. Although Willy is a common man, he still has some greatness. His greatness lies in his struggle to claim some shred of dignity. He fights back against a system that is bigger than he is, that destroys little men like him. He demonstrates an ability for self sacrifice. (Class notes, Death of a Salesman- Is it a Tragedy). This is demonstrated through Willys discussion with Howard about getting further ahead in his business, You cant eat the orange and throw  the peel away-a man is not a piece of fruit. (Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman, pg. 84). Willy is attempting to justify his position in society and fight back against the system, which he inevitably fails miserably at doing. By comparing Shakespeares Hamlet with Willy Loman in Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman, it is evident that the tragic hero is a key element to every tragedy. Although their positions in society are slightly different they  both posses qualities of greatness and will eventually be doomed by these qualities. A tragedy would not be a true tragedy without the presence of the tragic hero, which is why audiences are still attracted to tragedies after hundreds of years. Although the tragic hero is acclaimed to be deemed with the qualities of greatness, the tragic hero is certainly not perfect. In fact, this strong imperfection is know as the heros tragic flaw. The heros tragic flaw is what distinguishes him from any other character. This can be seen in both Death of a Salesman and Hamlet. It may be exactly this unique tragic flaw which continually attracts audiences to tragedies today. The heros tragic flaw is unique to each character and it is what makes him/her a true tragic hero. In Shakespeares, Hamlet, Hamlets tragic flaw comes from his boundless loyalty to his family. It is because he strives to follow his fathers orders to the absolute fullest that he eventually causes his own demise. Hamlet is overly passionate, indecisive, excessively intellectual, and overly infantile. He has never grown up. Hamlet suffers from oedipus complex and cannot accept the reality that he has a mother with sexual needs. It is his tragic flaw which make Hamlet bound for destruction. This becomes evident to the audience when Hamlet is in his mothers room and hears a scream, without looking he assumes it is the voice of Claudius, How now, a rat? Dead for a ducat, dead. [Makes a pass through the arras, Polonius falls and dies]. (Hamlet, III, iv, 72) This is Hamlets character flaw, he doesnt think before he acts, he simply wants to follow his fathers commands to the fullest and so he acts with excessive passion. The tragic hero always has the potential to excel in his greatness but he/she inevitably succumbs to his/her weaknesses/tragic flaw. (Class notes, Tragedy and the Tragic Hero). The tragic hero, Hamlet, is very different from Death of a Salesmans tragic hero, Willy Loman, yet the tradition of the tragic flaw continues. Willy Lomans tragic flaw differs dramatically from Hamlet, yet audiences are still attracted to the tragic flaw today as much as they were in Shakespearean time. In Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman, Willy Lomans tragic flaw comes from the unnecessary, immense importance he puts upon success, class, and respect through the eyes of society. Willy becomes  obsessed with obtaining a high position in society that it becomes his only reason for living. It is his tragic flaw which eventually leads him to his own death. As Arthur Miller comments, the tragic feeling is evoked in us when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life if need be, to secure one thing- his sense of personal dignity. (Arthur Miller, Tragedy and The Common Man). This describes Willy Loman exactly. The feeling of pity is evoked in viewers because Willys tragic flaw is so easy to identify with. Willys flaw has good intentions, for he wants Biff to follow in his footsteps and benefit from his values, but Willys true flaw is his blindness to see that his obsession with these values is causing his own demise. This is demonstrated when Willy gives his two sons advice about getting ahead in the world the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates a personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want. (Miller, Death of a Salesman, Pg 33) Obtaining a high position in society and being respected in the business world are what Willy feels are the most important aspects of life. As Bradley writes, [The tragic hero] need not be good, but should have so much of greatness that in his error and fall we are vividly conscious of the possibilities of human nature. (Class notes, Tragedy and The Tragic Hero). The feeling evoked is that if waste. Both Hamlet and Willy had great possibilities in life but the blindness of their tragic fall caused them to waste their chances and waste their life. This expected tragic feeling has remained constant over time and is what continues to appeal to audiences time and time again. Tragedies are literary works which are continually filled with suffering, destruction, and most often death. However, through this suffering, the tragic concept is that man endures and gains through suffering. (Class notes, Tragedy and the Tragic Hero) The destruction in each tragedy is never meaningless, it has significant relevance. Although, emotions are aroused, tragedy does not leave viewers feeling depressed. The goal of a tragedy is to leave viewers in a state of catharsis. The word catharsis implies that tragedy purges, removes, or unclogs negative emotions, such as pity and fear that build up within the human spirit. (Some thoughts About Tragedy, both  literary and mundane) Tragedy cleanses, purifies, and thus rids viewers of negative emotions, such as, anger, pity, and fear, and turns them into something good. Viewers endure the tragedy but then gain through suffering by purifying their unhealthy emotions into something healthy. Catharsism is evident in both Hamlet and Death of a Salesman and it continues to attract viewers to tragedies today, as it did hundreds of years ago. At the end of Hamlet, viewers are left with a very negative scene of blood, and many meaningless deaths. As depressing as it may seem, it is not meant to leave the audience feeling depressed. The audience is left with a feeling of cleansing, ridding any feelings of revenge. Viewers accept a feeling of a new beginning, due to the prior line of madness being destructed. Hamlet displays a portion of this optimism just before his death, Give me the cup. Let go. By heaven, Ill havet. O God, Horatio, what a wounded name, Things standing thus unknown, shall live behind me! If thou didst ever hold me in thy heart, Absent thee from felicity awhile, And in this harsh world draw thy breath in pain To tell my story (Hamlet, v, ii, 120). Although Hamlet is dying, he asks for his story to be told so others can benefit from the story of his life. It turns a depressing notion into something optimistic. Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman follows this same trait. Without personally reading or viewing, Death of a Salesman, one might think that Willy Loman taking his own life is a very depressing notion. However, like Hamlet, Death of a Salesman leaves the audience with the feeling of a catharsis when Willys life tragically ends. Audiences can easily relate to Willy Loman in his time of despair, as he fails again and again to obtain recognition from society. It is his entire reason for living until he eventually gives up and lays down his life in order for Biff to benefit. The tragedy allows the audience to purge themselves of feelings of pity and fear due to the strong connection with Willys character. Happy realizes what Willy has done for Biff and as he stands at his fathers funeral, Happy defends Willy by saying Im gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. He had a good dream. Its the only dream you can have-to come out number-one man. He fought it out here, and this is where Im gonna win it for him. (Miller, Death of a  Salesman, Pg. 138-139). The audience realizes that Willy has almost turned his own defeat into a triumph, which replaces any negative emotions, with positive ones. There is no doubt that in every tragedy, there is endless suffering and destruction, however it is ones recognition with these feelings which allows the audience to cleanse themselves of these emotions and gain through the suffering. These qualities have been a large component of tragedy since tragedy began and continue to attract and appeal to audiences today. Tragedies are often extremely varied and each one is slightly different. The content of tragedies can be extremely diverse and often have nothing in common with any other tragedy. However, there are a few components which must be present in every true tragedy. Three important aspects which are contained in every true tragedy is the tragic hero, the heros tragic flaw, and the catharsis. This becomes evident through comparing and contrasting William Shakespeares, Hamlet, with Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman. It is these features which allow tragedy to appeal to audiences today, just as much as they did hundreds of years ago. Tragedies have been popular for centuries and they will continue to be popular for centuries to come.

What Similarities and differences can you find between Growing Up :: English Literature

What Similarities and differences can you find between Growing Up and The Son’s Veto? You should pay particular attention to the way the relationships between parents and children are portrayed by the authors. Thomas Hardy Thomas Hardy was a pre-twentieth, post-nineteenth century author, he wrote short stories and novels, even poems. Hardy explores the different levels of relationships between men and women. He delves into the environments and the circumstances in which they live upon. Hardy digs deep to find the love hate and sacrifice in this story, ‘The Son’s Veto.’ It is basically about the relationship between mother and son, husband and wife and two lovers. ‘The Son’s Veto’ is a roller coaster of emotions, happy, sad, frustrating, sorrow, love, remorse and hate, each feeling immense in themselves. Joyce Cary passed away in 1957. When he died he had become accepted as one of the best modern novelists. In ‘Growing Up’ one of his famous novels, there is a moral, ‘no matter how old we are we are never too old to learn.’ This story concentrates on the relationships of the two sisters and their father, it grasps the meaning of love from the father, hate from the daughters to their father but most of all it grasps the meaning of growing up vividly in a more modernist twentieth century way. In ‘The Son’s Veto’ it goes on about a story of a woman in a wheelchair, with beautiful braided hair, and it is basically a story of the relationships revolving around this woman, and with her. This story starts off with a full-blown introduction of this woman, with a description of her hair, and her stance, and her features. Then it goes onto her past, like a premonition, describing the village of where she lived, and the emotions of the goings on around the village. We meet Sophy; Sophy is the woman from the present, with the beautiful braided hair. She is a strong character, the parlour maid in the parson’s house. Then we move on to meet another character, Sam. He is the gardener of Sophy’s acquaintance. ‘He was a young gardener of her acquaintance. She told him the particulars of the late event, and they stood silent,’ this shows us there is some kind of awkwardness between these two people. They begin to converse. They start walking towards Sophy’s mothers door, with Sam presenting his arm around her waist, as you can see from this, Sam likes her in a sexual way, but from Sophy’s reaction, ‘she gently removed it’ the feeling isn’t mutual. We move on to meet the Parson, Mr Twycott.

Cruise holidays (written for Punyabhumi Ltd)

If your kids or grandchildren have been raving about the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow at sea, then maybe it’s time you discovered the allure of the ocean for yourself! We’re not talking about meeting pirates or find gold doubloons on sunken ships, but luxuriating in the sheer bliss of sailing on a cruise liner. Whether you’re a stressed-out professional who hardly gets to see their partner on weekdays, a single person looking for romance and adventure, or a parent who’s longing for some family time with your children and spouse, there’s something about cruises that appeals to everyone! A cruise vacation is a wonderfully unique opportunity to experience the romance of the sea as well as the appeal of exotic destinations, and is a charming way to spend a few days of quality time with your partner. Most cruises pack so much into a couple of days—luxurious cabins, lazy walks on the deck, gourmet meals, entertainment shows, live bands, swimming pools complete with Jacuzzis, shopping and sight-seeing at exquisite ports—that the cruise is the perfect quick fix to chase your blues away, and have you walking on air for weeks to come! The two most popular cruise destinations from Chennai are Phuket and Colombo, both managed by the SuperStar Libra operators. The Libra is a state-of-the-art ocean liner, touted as a world-class luxury floating resort where the service is warm and the accommodations elegant. The ship offers you all the facilities you would expect from a five-star resort: mouth-watering menus at every meal, internet access, medical care, shopping and even conference and meeting rooms for those workaholics who want to catch up with business as they relax! The liner has a breathtaking ten decks, with over seven hundred luxury cabins. It can accommodate over one thousand and four hundred passengers on a single cruise. There are rooms ranging from the aristocratic executive suites (Rs 21,999/- per night per passenger) to the ocean-view staterooms (ranging from Rs 7,200 to Rs 11,000 per night per passenger, depending on the kind of view available from each cabin) with a choice of cabins with portholes, so you can gaze at the dazzlingly-clear night sky as you drift off contentedly into sleep at night! ). The Libra also features several restaurants on board, each offering you a tastefully organized dining experience. Check out Coconut Willy’s, the poolside restaurant where you can lounge in your swimsuit and sample the delightful menu, or the Pool Bar, which is exclusively for drinks and enticing cocktails. For a more formal dining experience, visit the Saffron, which features traditional Indian vegetarian meals, including Jain cuisine; there is also the enchanting Four Seasons restaurant for those who prefer continental meals. If you’re taking the kids along, chances are you won’t be able to tear them away from the aptly-named Lickety Splits, the ice-cream bar straight out of a child’s version of paradise! And where do we even begin to describe the various entertainment rooms? There’s The Bollywood, which is the karaoke lounge; the Galaxy of the Stars, a cocktail lounge with a live band; the discotheque, Boomer’s; Video Planet, for those compulsive gamers who periodically feel the need to blast the stuffing out of animated villains, and much, much more! The Libra cruise to Phuket gives you three days and four nights of memorable sailing. This is a typical â€Å"high sea† cruise, meaning that it’s the closest thing to heaven for those who want nothing more than to bask in the enchantment that three continuous days of open water can give you! Phuket also offers you the delight of turquoise waters and exploration in its rustic villages. The Libra Chennai-Colombo cruise is for three days and two nights, which includes one complete day of the high sea experience. Indian Holiday Pvt Ltd organizes cruises for you, and online bookings are available at www. indianholiday. com. To book a cruise on the Libra, go to www. indianholiday. com/star-cruise-packages/star-cruise-libra. Indian Holiday organizes cruises from their Mumbai office only. To plan your cruise with a Chennai operator, contact Travel Air Madras, featured below. If you want a wider choice of destinations, check out the cruises that operate from Mumbai. As Ms Gupta from Travel Air Madras tells us, Mumbai is the most flourishing point of departure for cruises to ever-popular destinations such as Mauritius and Lakshadweep. The four-night Cochin/Goa cruise is an excellent option, which takes you from historical forts to ravishing beaches in the space of three days! This cruise operates between December and February, so plan your trip accordingly. February is the best time, neither harshly cold nor uncomfortably warm, and there is very little chance of stormy weather. The Lakshadweep/Goa cruise for four nights has two shore stops, Kadmat and Goa. Kadmat is an island paradise, just eight kilometres long and half a kilometre wide! If you’re the adventurous type, you can indulge in water sports like scuba-diving, parasailing, snorkeling and kayaking at Kadmat’s gorgeous lagoons, or if you’d prefer, just lie back and drink in the vivid blue of the ocean from one of the memorable glass-bottomed tourist boats! (Swimming skills are mandatory for all water sports, and children under fourteen years cannot participate in diving. The water at Kadmat is crystal clear, and you can gaze at the vibrant marine life up to a depth of an amazing fifty metres. This cruise operates four times a month between October and April every year. Travel Air Madras is a tour operator which plans your cruise right from booking your air tickets to Mumbai and finding you a cruise holiday to suit your tastes and requirements. Rates begin at approximately Rs 500 0/- per night per person (excluding taxes). The one- and two-night cruises on the Libra feature Goa as the most popular destination, while three-night cruises take you to Kadmat in Lakshadweep and bring you back. Rates are inclusive of three meals a day, access to the onboard swimming pool, Jacuzzi and gym, and live entertainment shows in exquisite lounge areas on the ship, which has a professional live band if you want to add to the music of the waves! Air Travel Madras also offers special seasonal discounts; for example, the Valentine’s Day discount is for cruises booked up to March 1st, and gives you an attractive 50% off on your partner’s fare. To avail of this offer, you need to complete your cruise by April 14th. Call 2852-3095 or 2852-1623, or email Usha at u. [email  protected] com for more details. If you want a less touristy cruise, you could also consider a river cruise to the enigmatic Sundarbans. Two luxury river launches, the M. V. Chitrarekha and the M. V. Madhukar, make weekly two-day trips which take you into the heart of the mangrove forests to observe the enchanting wildlife and drift along the delta created by the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. Both ships inclu de upper observation decks. The gourmet Bengali meals alone are worth the experience! Entertainment includes on-board dancing. The best time to take this river cruise is between September and March, when you also get the chance to see rare migratory birds. So leave your copy of Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide at home on your bookshelf, and witness the charms of the famed diving dolphins for yourself. You can even catch a glimpse of the Bengal tigers sunbathing on the banks! This cruise is operated by the government’s tourism department, and departs from Kolkata (just a couple of hours from Chennai by air). A two-day trip costs Rs 2500/- per passenger during the tourist season, and off-season rates are Rs 1175/- per passenger. You can book your ticket at the Bengal Tourism office located at 2, Brabourne Road, Kolkata. Call 033-2225-4565/8183/4723-25 or email [email  protected] net. Vivada Cruises has also introduced Sundarbans cruises from January 2007 with the luxury cruiser Paramahamsa, featuring three decks and over thirty elegant cabins, as well as restaurants, a gymnasium, and a library with internet connectivity. The package is priced at Rs 20,000 per passenger for the Luxury class, and Rs 15,000 per passenger for the Comfort class. For a fascinating voyage through a near-pristine land, book yourself on the Paramahamsa! With its contemporary interiors and tranquil ambience, the cruiser is also the perfect venue for business conferences and wedding receptions. Call 033-2463-1990/1/2/3 or email [email  protected] com or [email  protected] com. With Star Cruises, the world’s third largest cruise company, now operating in India, we now have local access to a special experience from our own ports which equal international standards of quality and luxury. A cruise is a wonderful experience at any time, but you may want to consider one to commemorate a special occasion such as your twenty-fifth wedding anniversary. For those who want to nudge their parents into rediscovering romance during a second honeymoon, a cruise holiday package is also a gift that your parents are sure to cherish forever! So if you’ve been thinking of stealing your spouse away from the routines of everyday life, or if you want to remember an unforgettable occasion in an exceptional way, consider treating yourself to this holiday experience like no other! Article 2: Fort St George (written for Ritz magazine) History in Our Own Backyard! Date: 20 February, 1640 A. D. Place: A small, nondescript fishing village on the Coromandel coast A small band of British soldiers land for the first time on the East Coast of India. Realizing quickly that they will need to work fast if they are to claim this territory before the French do, they set to work creating a garrison. They are hard-pressed for land, but a local farmer called Madrasan offers them the use of his banana grove. The Raja of Chandragiri, the last of the great rulers of the Vijayanagar empire, accedes to their request. Two months later, their military base is established and christened Fort St George. And thus, the city of Madras is born. They say that old buildings are silent, watchful observers of history. From the beginnings of the British Raj, this familiar fort has witnessed the evolution of one of India’s largest cities. Fort St George in Chennai has the somewhat dubious distinction of being the first fort that the British built in India. More importantly, however, the fort made the small settlement of Madraspatnam a flourishing port, and it’s not an exaggeration to say that had this fort not been built, Madras would not have developed into a city. Built a mere forty-four years after the East India trading company arrived in India in 1600 A. D. , Fort St George helped the British establish a stronghold on the east coast, and remains one of the most famous landmarks of the city. The fort was named after St George, the patron saint of England. The British used the fort as their main settlement in India until 1774, when they declared Calcutta as the seat of their administration. The fort not only helped the British establish a settlement in the small South Indian fishing village, but also to create a stronghold from which to defend themselves against the forces of the neighbouring kingdoms. Arcot and Srirangapatnam were not far away, and the French had taken Pondicherry. Had the British not built the fort, it may have proved difficult for them to establish their power in the south. Consequently, they invested much effort in fortifying the area. The fort is surrounded by walls that are over six metres high, as well as a formidable-looking moat. Although it’s tempting to think that vicious crocodiles once swam in the waters of the moat to terrorize the enemy, legend has it that the moat was created not so much to defend the fort as to keep inquisitive â€Å"natives† away from it. The British called the fort area their ‘White Town,’ as opposed to the ‘Black Town’ outside its walls, where the â€Å"coloured† people lived. Despite its name, the fort is not â€Å"really† a fort, but more a collection of buildings made by the British in the Neoclassical style, many of which were remodeled in subsequent times. Within a couple of decades after the fort was founded, St Mary’s Church also came to be erected within the fort area. The church, the oldest British one in India, is often described as the Westminster Abbey of the East. According to popular opinion, St Mary’s is also the oldest British church outside Europe. The church also found itself being used as a military dormitory for three brief years, when the French seized it from the British from 1746 to 1749. Don’t forget to take a peek into the visitor’s book when you visit—it still has comments dating back over a hundred years! Opposite the church are Clive House and Wellesley House, named after the respective governors who lived in them (Wellesley later went on to become the Duke of Wellington, and defeated Napoleon at Waterloo). Robert Clive was married in St Mary’s Church, as was Elihu Yale, the founder of Yale University. Yale, who was Governor of the city and is said to have made his fortune in India, had a 46-metre teak flagpole erected, from which it is believed that the Union Jack was unfurled for the first time in India. The pole was actually the mast of a ship that was wrecked in the seventeenth century. It still stands today, bearing, of course, a different flag! The original teak, however, was replaced with metal in 1994. This flagpole is the oldest in the country. Although the government has its Secretariat in the offices of Clive House, much of it is also a grand museum. The Fort Museum is open from 10 a. m. to 5 p. . on all days except Fridays, and includes ten galleries with relics from the British and French empires. The magnificent banqueting hall on the first floor has portraits of the earliest governors, and there are many remnants of the British era, including palanquins, coins, weapons, paintings and manuscripts. You can also see as large, imposing statue of Lord Cornwallis, as well as documents hand-written by Cornwallis and Clive. The statue depicts a sad scene: Tipu Sultan’s two young sons being handed over to the British because their father was unable to pay the large sum of money demanded by Cornwallis. Tipu Sultan’s cannons can be seen outside the museum. Both Aurangzeb and Hyder Ali also attacked the fort several times in the eighteenth century, but it was so well-fortified that they could not break its defences. The pentagon-shaped gun ramparts slope down to the moat, and were once connected to five drawbridges that led to the fort. These bridges have since been replaced by roads. From the first landing of the British to the tsunami, the fort has witnessed almost four centuries of Chennai’s history. Will it still be there in another four hundred years’ time, its walls as impassive and unchanged? One can only wonder! Article 3: Barry Burn Lodge, South Africa (written for a travel website) Barry Burn Lodge is situated in the gorgeous Lowveld area, a small, serene world of timeless beauty. Enjoy sunsets of unrivalled beauty. Fresh breezes greet each warm tropical day. In this tranquil spot, the altitude and the sun create the perfect tropical climate to vacation in! Some of Africa's most memorable sights will delight you here. The estate is a stone’s throw away from the must-see Kruger National Park. The accommodation includes a stylish open-plan dining room and kitchen, fully operational for your culinary needs, and with the added convenience of a fridge, stove, microwave and dishwasher. Barry Burn Lodge also offers laundry services with a washing machine and tumble dryer. Relax at the well-furnished lounge and bar, equipped with a fireplace which creates a wonderfully cozy ambience on chilly evenings. The lounge opens out on to a beautiful sundeck with braai facilities, which is a magnificent setting in which to absorb the serene beauty of your surroundings, or to unwind after a hard day’s vacationing! Upstairs, discover the joys of a loft room with TV and M-Net (DSTV dish is available, but you need to carry your own decoder. The loft leads on to a charming balcony from which to enjoy a sundowner, with a fantastic panoramic view of the expansive, lush green fairways of the Golf Estate. The accommodation at Barry Burn Lodge includes 4 bedrooms, all with bathrooms en-suite, containing 2 double bedrooms with Queen size beds, as well as 2 bedrooms with 2 single beds in each. Bed linen and bath towels are available for your necessities. Please carry your own swimming towels. There are several delightful activities to enjoy in and around Barry Burn Lodge. Enjoy the facilities of a championship golf course, with its picturesque fairways, water obstacles, and vibrant bird life. Other sporting activities offered include tennis and squash arranged by the club. Barry Burn Lodge also invites you to revel in splendid and awe-inspiring scenic drives to historic places. Just a few of these historic places which can inspire and delight you are the Mac-Mac Falls, Graskop, Sodwana Caves, Pilgrim's Rest, God's Window, and Blyde River Canyon. The estate also shares a border with the remarkable Lake Longmere, where you can unwind as you indulge in fishing, boating, or even mountain biking. Visit Greenway Woods Resort and Conference Centre, eat out at Oliver's Restaurant, or treat yourself to Casterbridge Farm, a homecraft, antique, museum and entertainment centre. Also very enjoyable is the Barnyard Theatre, 3 km towards White River town, where live shows are presented on most weekends – don’t miss it! The Riverside Mall/Casino, only a 20-minute drive from the Estate, is also worth a visit.

Organizational Profile Pfizer Company Essay

Prior to a corporate wide restructuring effort, the Pfizer Corporation operated with a divisional structure. This divisional organization prevented realization of full organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Although this organizational structure provides for defined accountabilities, creation of professional development opportunities, and cultivates the process for local performance management, the divisional structure can create extreme inter-organizational competition, while requiring a duplication of functional specialists and inter-division personnel throughout each divisional area (Iqbal, 2008). Pfizer recently transitioned to a new structure which created an opportunity for clearly defined responsibilities and accountabilities, while eliminating the duplication of functionalities throughout divisional areas (Pfizer, 2007). The new structure promotes well defined objectives and additional organizational efficiencies (Iqba, 2008). The Matrix structure is, however, much more complex. Unlike the previous divisional structure, the organization now operates within an integrated model. This new structure creates multi-channel accountability through sharing of authoritative powers and a general decrease in organizational clarity (Iqba, 2008). Although the Matrix provides many advantages not seen through the Division structure, the organization must resolve structural deficiencies in order to achieve their defined objectives. Problem Selection and Rationale Pfizer’s new organizational structure is conducive to their company. The Matrix structure is an ideal structure within project-focused organizations (Johnson, 1990). For the Pfizer Corporation, who is driven by consumer demand, the Matrix structure creates an opportunity for flexible use of corporate resources. Within the Matrix environment, personnel may transition from one project to another, as needed (Johnson, 1990). Because Pfizer’s routine business activities involve research leading to the development and market introduction of new medicines, the demand for human capital within the company varies. The Matrix structure provides opportunity for efficient use of human resources within the organization. The introduction of the Matrix structure resulted in several problematic areas. Within the new environment, the functional manager assumes the ultimate roll of authority for the project at hand (Johnson, 1990). Unlike alternative structures, this is based on the project at hand rather than functionality; delays in processing, approvals, etc. are likely to arise through having narrowed executive leadership. Additionally, priorities can become variable leading to misalignment within the team. Pfizer Corporation has identified a problematic situation in which team members carry conflicting priorities (McKinney Rogers, n. d. ). The integrated structure has caused some concern within the functional teams. While the project manager’s priorities remain with the project at hand, the functional manager has often utilized time for training which has been known to consist of several consecutive days (McKinney Rogers, n. d. ). In these instances, the company’s authority has conflicting objectives of what should be done first. While the manager’s priority has been training, the leader’s priority remains completion of tasks related to the project (McKinney Rogers, n. d. ). This problem has paved the way for ineffective organizational leadership. Use of a matrix structure within Pfizer has significantly impacted organizational leadership. Within the matrix structure, the project manager provides direct oversight of the project at hand while the functional manager maintains authoritative powers (Johnson, 1990). This can cause confusion amongst the team, as the chain of command becomes diluted. The project manager’s main concern lies with the big picture of the project itself while the functional manager is accountable for the functionality of completing the job (Iqba, 2008). While the perception seems that these two aspects go hand in hand, the reality is that the seemingly diluted management can create chaos and discontent amongst the team. Identifying these problematic areas is the first step towards enhancing the organizational structure. Each of these areas negatively impacts the organization’s productivity, quality, and efficiencies. While the foundation of the matrix structure aligns with Pfizer’s company, the manner in which it is utilized should be examined. Minor modifications to promote effective operations will result in higher levels of productivity, employee satisfaction, and overall efficiency of operational processes. Recommended Solutions and Rationale When enhancing an organizational structure, determining solutions to identified challenges is a critical piece of the overall process. Identifying solutions consist of examining current practices, determining challenges, researching solutions, testing hypothesis, and then implementing recommendations. In an effort to overcome the above challenges, research was conducted and solutions uncovered. To overcome the delayed response time in things such as decision making and approvals, we recommend the implementation of management maintenance through regularly scheduled meetings. In doing this, it is our hope that Pfizer will be able to maintain a consistent stream of communication, efficiency, and execution. By having regularly scheduled meetings, employees and the management team will have specific time set aside for things such as decisions needed to be made and approvals needing to be signed off on. To overcome inconsistent priorities throughout the organization, we propose that Pfizer establishes a clear definition of goals and expectations through management. The project manager of who is technically working under the authority of a product and the functional manager should both be given the authority to make critical decisions (Thomas, 2006). This would ensure that all involved with the project as well as those working in a functional capacity would have a clear vision set and know that decisions are made based on that vision. By showing a united team between the two management roles, it should alleviate confusion within the team and priorities should remain consistent if in line with the overall vision. To overcome decreased effectiveness of organizational leadership due to multiple managers overseeing the same project from a different aspect we believe that training is needed at the managerial level. This training should be targeted at increasing the managers’ emotional intelligence in order to increase their leadership abilities effectively (Harmer, n. d. ). Ilard & Findlay (2006) found that emotional intelligence contributes to team effectiveness and productivity. With Pfizer working in a team environment, this training would provide managers with the tools to assess the emotional intelligence of their team and tap into the different personalities they are working with. A team’s probability of success is believed to be reliant upon having members of the team who work well together and each contribute to the overall purpose, goal, or task at hand (Ilard & Findlay, 2006). The usage of emotional intelligence would be beneficial to Pfizer because it would have with everyone being on the same page and be able to flex their personality style based on the team member that they are working with. The challenges described can all be overcome through dedication to improving Pfizer’s organizational structure by all employees. In an effort to overcome these challenges, Pfizer will build a strong bond between employees through a process that provides timely responses, consistent priorities throughout the organization, and increased effectiveness of organizational leadership. Solution Evaluation Metrics and Rationale It is common belief that â€Å"the companies that are best able to manage projects, programs, and portfolios align them with strategic goals† (PMI, 2008). In terms of a company’s ability to practice this type strategizing in its â€Å"every day† practice is referred to its project management maturity level. Obviously, the companies that are better at predicting their ability to execute are better at meeting their key business objectives. Therefore, â€Å"Companies with greater maturity should expect to see tangible benefits that include better-performing project portfolios, efficiencies that come with better resource allocation, and increased process stability and repeatability† (PMI, 2008).

Findings Of IT Investment In Airlines Policy Tourism Essays

Findings Of IT Investment In Airlines Policy Tourism Essays Findings Of IT Investment In Airlines Policy Tourism Essay Findings Of IT Investment In Airlines Policy Tourism Essay This chapter summarizes air hoses industry Time Series Analysis chief consequences, and parts of this research. Furthermore, we besides summarize SITA ICT informations implemented in chief air hoses in the universe. First, we infer PT, GT and joint air hose services separately, by stets and regionally. Then we present the findings of IT investing in airlines policy. Finally, reasoning comments are made for Air Transportation companies followed by deductions and policy recommendation. Airlines Industry Performance illation. The thesis analysis was based on the Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Passenger and Goods transit profound probe. In general, our treatment was the magnitude of air hose industry multiplicity, its exposure, development and restructuring after terrorist onslaught and during the recent crisis. The consequences are consistent to some extent with some model reported surveies conducted with Passenger or Goods Transportation. However, our research attempt focused on the new method and elaborates alone attack to happen optimum solutions on how international air transit system can get by with 21century water partings. A figure of observations can be offered from the consequences of the air hoses Time Series Analysis. We divided this subdivision in three decision parts: Passenger Transportation, Goods Transportation, and Passenger and Goods Transportation together. First, the factors act uponing undependable grosss refering seasonable traffic at the Passenger Airline Market, created strong det ermination constrain can be overcome with ARIMA theoretical account attack. Furthermore, we presume riders grow figure peers 100 000 yearly. Therefore, to do transit procedure drum sander, more profitable, and safe we recommend using Statistical Analysis System. Additionally, after profound analysis we presume that anticipation set of Regional Air Passenger Transportation development has alone characteristics that contributes to the possible utility for hypothesis testing and to obtain proper consequence. Therefore, we summarize that the cognition about sudden magnificent RPK addition ( i.e. Olympics Games ) will do air hoses directors determination procedure quick, exact, and absolutely conforming the demand at the clip. It can maximise net income of many companies connected with air transit industry. To sum up our probe of air hose market merely 17 pure Homogenous Passenger Companies exist in the international air transit system. Methodology acceptance of three different sets of air hoses development surveies associated with the clip issue position has been comparatively undiscovered. More to this, we found out that the Worst Heterogeneous Airlines set consequence of transporting riders is much better than the consequence of Homogeneous Pure best pattern Airlines ( calculate 2.8 ) and there is no cointegration between their activity. : Second portion of our decisions refering air hose s figure of issue and entry trial, and seasonality consequence of Goods Air Transportation probe reveal that merely 7 Pure Homogenous Goods Transportations Companies exist in the air hose market.[ 1 ]Fiscal Crisis causality absorbed immense figure of 20 000FTK of all heterogenous and homogenous air companies cargo during the testing period. Therefore, set uping effectual support system through the Airline Company can increase perceive utility of historical informations analysis, and it is really important for top leading determination procedure. Furthermore, compared with stable clip growing and Financial Crisis issue perspective the phenomenon of different recovery period of air hoses is important. To accomplish the same value of FTK=18000, under effects of Financial Crisis air hoses companies needed 3 months, while during stable incremental period merely 1 month. This unremunerative phase requires a batch of direction coordination and invention execution to acquire back on profitable path of company incremental development. Surprisingly, Pure Goods Air Transportation Companies are non every bit much vulnerable for Financial Crisis like Worst Heterogeneous Airlines and Largest Heterogeneous Airlines ( calculate aˆÂ ¦ ) . Furthermore, during our analysis we perceived important factor that Pure Homogeneous Goods Transportation Airlines have about the same FTK diagram form like Large Heterogeneous Goods Transportation Airlines ( Fig. 3.8 ) . The coefficient of cointegrity peers Q=aˆÂ ¦ proving cointegratio ( lag construction ) . Therefore, it is indispensable for both heterogenous and homogenous air hoses to pattern Mirror Effect ( ME ) and concentrate all attempts to accomplish ME consequence at degree of cointegration of aˆÂ ¦ . Goods Air Transportation development anticipation analyses evaluates non more than 104 000 FTK carried at the seasonal choice until October 2010. Hence from the experien ce of carried 124 000FTK in October 2007 position, due to predicted 20 000FTK smaller cargo, the air companies can lend in care or invention deduction during the following 18 months. Therefore practical version of anticipation analysis is important for development of Air transit companies non merely during incremental company growing but it besides improves recovery pattern while crisis severely impacts incomes of the air hoses. To sum up regional historical information analysis, the peculiar parts are non much correlated. ( look into correlativity, cointegration? ) It means from the regional concerted issue position there is no Mach important activities in the universe. Therefore, it can be really important for the top policy shapers to see broad regional cooperation possibility. Likewise, Statistical Analysis System application accurately indicates Passenger Air Transportation while the Goods Air Transportation, leting recognize thought of the Mirror Effect. More specifically, the alone characteristic of Two Vertical Axis Concept ( TVAC ) determines one of the most of import solutions for future profitable chances to optimise GT and PT services to develop yield direction. Beside, after unexpected insouciant effects ME application in Airlines day-to-day modus operandis assures them progressively stable growing procedure within short period avoiding large graduated table of loses. This different happening consequences from the fact that Comparison Characteristic Lashkar-e-Taiba policy shapers find value of RPK and FTK and behavior proper operational analysis. In instance of leaders of thre Airlines market the cointegration between RPK an FTK coefficient equal aˆÂ ¦ . .Furthermore, committednesss with transporting bigger figure of Passenger while Freight figure lessening after causal consequence like FC will be strongly recommended to maximise the net income as we find out that Passenger Transportation demand after one twelvemonth of Financial Crisis excellently increases by aˆÂ ¦ . Finally, the alone characteristics of this survey contribute to the possible different in theoretical account hypothesis testing, parts and deductions from the other old surveies. More to this, future anticipation consequence of this survey can convey great economical consequence for macro part accomplishment. Finally, typical methodological analysis attack of this research allow us exactly create future Revenue Passenger Kilometers for the single air company, set of interesting us air hoses group ( confederation ) or the part air companies. Main findings and policy deductions ( recommendation ) Time Series Analysis connected with Statistical Analyst System outlay can significantly impact net income of air companies, and do them more challenger at the extremely competitory air hoses market. Additionally, after version of ARMA Forecasting Processes, the consequences will steer top directors of rider Transportation Company throw the jobs of investing degree, sunk cost and it shows the header and exact clip tabular array for the hereafter disbursement in the air hoses. Above theoretical account of probe allow us uncover many findings and decisions of practical significance. Hence, we find out that Worst Heterogeneous Airlines consequence of transporting riders is much better than the consequence of Homogeneous Pure best pattern Airlines. Furthermore, multiplicity of service enables air hoses to remain at the market long clip. More to this, our Entry and Exit Analysis ( EEA ) proved that Homogenous Passenger Air Company can non obtain proper gross to remain at the market for l ong clip. Thus our first recommendation to derive net income is to discontinue activity for Pure Homogenous Passenger air companies, or diversify their pattern to transport both: Goods and Passenger together. Furthermore, in general Pure Homogenous PT air hoses stay at the market short period of clip! Therefore, there will be a positive relationship between perceived benefit of usage Heterogeneous Passenger Transportation and Goods Transportation service together. Heterogeneous Airlines air transit systems are able to get by with 21century watershed much better than Homogeneous best pattern air hoses. However, this can be tackled through the set uping analytical research lab squad in the Air Company construction, and the squad leader should be an Adviser of CEO in the Airline. During our analysis we proved important factor that Pure Homogeneous Goods Transportation Airlines have about the same FTK diagram form like Large Heterogeneous Goods Transportation Airlines. Therefore, the 2nd recommendation is to pattern the same seasonal scheme theoretical account like Homogeneous extremely specialized Goods Transportation Company to better the output direction of Heterogeneous FTK Airlines. This can be done by develop Mirror Effect application in the companies. Refering part probe after profound statistical analysis we suggest two parts South-west Pacific and Central America/Caribbean for future possible cooperation. More to this, a comparing of two alternate parts demand implicates that two historical and anticipation diagrams ( parts ) can do cooperation rather sensible. Therefore, developing disbursals should lend to fix top directors for statistical analysis and developing Mirror Effect scheme every bit far as farther maximization company net income is concerned. Robert Crandall, former Chairman and CEO of American Airlines said that Yield Management is the individual most of import proficient development in transit direction since we entered deregulating Therefore our forth recommendation to the top directors is to use alone characteristics of Two Vertical Axis Concept determines one of the most of import solutions for future profitable chances to optimise GT and PT services to develop yield direction in heterogenous companies. Furt hermore, to get the better of causal effects like Financial Crisis we recommend top leading of Heterogeneous Companies to fix substructure and forces to function and transport much bigger figure of Passengers so Goods merely after the crisis. This will fulfill users of the Airline Company and work out with the losingss of the fiscal crisis and other effects. Beside this, it is deserving to indicate that Homogenous Goods Transportation Companies should pattern at the market with strong extremely specialised equipment and decently trained forces. Finally, it is really indispensable for air hose development to emulate taking at the market Company like Korean Air as the form for edifice in effectual manner perceived usefulness of Heterogeneous Transportation System.

Online Classes Essay Example

Online Classes Essay Example Online Classes Essay Online Classes Essay Online Classes are easier for me to attend due to the convenience of flexible hours, the savings of time and money, and technological edge. Every morning I wake up and make my coffee, log into my computer, and check into my online classroom. I post answers to discussion questions throughout the week, write research papers, take weekly quizzes, and read my textbook all online. I actually enjoy this time. I get to wear my glasses, slippers, yoga pants, and cozy sweater, rather than jeans, boots, make-up and contacts. I don’t have to carry my backpack, find parking, or miss my cat. In my experience with online classes, I have found that the level of difficulty is equal to that of the traditional classroom. Online classes present the same level of challenge, but they are much more convenient. No set time is established for when and where you work. Courses are accessible from any computer, and usually twenty-four hours a day. I am able to plan my study time around my day instead of the other way around. I can listen to online lecture late at night when the house is quiet, or during the day when everyone has gone to work. I can pause, replay, and skip as much audio lecture as I want. Last night I took an exam at ten p. m. This was after a day of on campus classes, a dentist appointment, and a work shift. I knew I could fit the fifty minute timed exam in my day somewhere, but the flexibility of being able to have it done by midnight made my day flow with ease. The online classroom allows me to save money on textbooks and gas. I drive a suburban that has a huge gas tank, and takes nearly a hundred dollars to fill. Instead of driving forty minutes to campus five days a week, I meet face to face with my online class for three labs, and the final. My lab teacher created her own Lab book designed for online learning that saved me $150 dollars on the traditionally required lab book. Because Online classes save time and are flexible I am able to have more time to earn money. I feel balanced knowing I am not falling to far behind financially. Also, I am gaining more experience with Technology. I am exposed to the latest technology, potentially giving me an upper-hand upon entering the workforce, where knowing new technology may quickly affect my success. Emphasis is placed on developing skills and knowledge in technical areas that can have practical value in the workplace. Scanning in homework, listening to audio lectures (much like a taperecorded classroom), submitting assignments to an online dropbox, and emailing my professor are done on a daily basis. I have developed problem solving, time-management, critical thinking, communication and teamwork skills via an online community. Online classes work for me primarily because I am already a non-traditional student. I’m thirty years old, have an Associates degree, and I used to learning on my own. I do not need the structure of a regularly scheduled class to make sure that I am organized enough to complete my assignments in a timely manner. From my work as an Assistant Buyer and Retail Manager, I am already skilled in the self-motivation and drive necessary to stay on top of online classes. Additionally, I am one hundred percent committed to completing my education as quickly as possible and willing to put in all of the work necessary to do well. Online classes do not get cancelled. During snowstorms, colleges may cancel classes. This can hurt students who are on a tight schedule. People who learn online do not have to worry about cancelled classes. Even if their Internet service shuts down, a friend, or the library has the internet and they will still be able to complete their assignments on time. When colleges cancel classes, those classes have to be made up. This may cause the semester to run longer or the class may run longer in some cases. Since classes are online, students do not have to attend classes. For those who work full-time, this will save time, and make scheduling events in their lives much easier. Students will also not have to find parking spaces, leave work early to go to class, or miss family time. Lectures and other materials are sent to the student who will then read them and prepare to take quizzes and complete assignments. Students will never have to visit a classroom. Students will be able to plan their study time around the rest of their day instead of the other way around. Studying at nighttime or in the morning is up to the student. It is recommended that students try to develop a study routine if they can. Having to work and attend classes at the same time can be very stressful. Online classes remove the stress by allowing students to learn when it is convenient for them. During snowstorms and thunderstorms, colleges may cancel classes. This can hurt students who are on a tight schedule. People who learn online do not have to worry about cancelled classes. Even if their Internet service shuts down, a friend, or the library has the internet and they will still be able to complete their assignments on time. When colleges cancel classes, those classes have to be made up. This may cause the semester to run longer or the class may run longer in some cases. For those who work and have families, every second counts. In most online degree programs, students will not have to take elective classes unless required by their major. This allows students to study specifically what they need to learn for their job. For many students who want to focus on information relevant to their major, this approach will save time and help students earn their degree faster.

Alienation and Emancipation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Alienation and Emancipation - Essay Example This thesis was presented in the broad frame of the doctrine of political alienation. The theme of economic alienation was broached in a separate concluding section of the article. Here he offered a trenchant formulation of the idea that the economic life in the 'state of egoism' is a practical religion of money-worship. He gave the religious analogy a special new twist and emphasis by calling the practical religion 'Judaism'. This may have been prompted by Hess' reference to the 'Christian merchants and Jewish Christians'. It capitalized upon the fact that the German term 'Judaism' (Judentum ) had the secondary connotation of 'commerce'. So Marx describes Judaism or commerce as a religion in which money is the god: 'What is the worldly cult of the Jew Huckstering. Who is his worldly god Money. ' And further: 'Money is the jealous one God of Israel, beside which no other God may stand. Money dethrones all the gods of man and turns them into a commodity. Money is the universal, independently constituted value of all things. It has, therefore, deprived the whole world, both the world of man and nature, of its own value. Money is the alienated essence of man's work and his being. This alien being rules over him and he worships it.' (Karl Marx's, 1959). Following Hess, Marx conceives the practical religion as a material form of self- alienation corresponding to the spiritual form as analyzed by Feuerbach: 'Selling is the praxis of externalization.